Data

Wombat State Forest FLUXNET Release 2025_r1

Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network
Arndt, Stefan ; Griebel, Anne ; Hinko-Najera, Nina
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ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2FANDS&rft_id=info:doi10.25901/06ka-c669&rft.title=Wombat State Forest FLUXNET Release 2025_r1&rft.identifier=10.25901/06ka-c669&rft.publisher=Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network&rft.description=This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.21) as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps. The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al (2020). This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project. The Wombat Flux research site was established in January 2010. The site is located within the Wombat State Forest, between Ballarat and Daylesford in Central Victoria, 100km west of Melbourne. It is managed by The University of Melbourne in collaboration with Monash University and the Department of Sustainability and Environment of Victoria.The site is a secondary re-growth forest that was last harvested in 1980. Dominant tree species are Eucalyptus obliqua (messmate stringybark), Eucalyptus radiata (narrow leaf peppermint) and Eucalyptus rubida (candlebark) with an average canopy height of 25m. The understorey consists mainly of patchy grasses and the soil is a silty-clay overlying clay. The forest is managed by the Department of Sustainability and Environment and management includes selective harvesting and prescribed burning regimes. The climate of the study area is classified as cool-temperate to Mediterranean zone with cold and wet winters (May-Aug) and warm and dry summers (Dec-Feb). Mean annual rainfall in the region in the last 20 years was between 600-700 mm.Data collected using standard eddy covariance and meteorological instrumentation on a 35m tower at the wombat State Forest site. The data were quality controlled using the PyFluxPro software package, see Isaac et al (2017), which is available at https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro. Gap filling and partitioning has been done using the ONEFlux software package, see Pastorello et al 2020, which is available at https://github.com/fluxnet/ONEFlux.Data CreationData is measured using standard micro-meteorological instrumentation on a flux tower.Data is recorded on a data logger and is collected by the site PI.Data quality control including removal of data outside plausible ranges, removal of spikes, exclusion of particular date ranges and removal of data based on the dependence of one variable on another is done using PyFluxPro.Filtering for low-ustar conditions, gap filling and partitioning of NEE into GPP and ER are done using ONEFlux.Progress Code: completedMaintenance and Update Frequency: annually&rft.creator=Arndt, Stefan &rft.creator=Griebel, Anne &rft.creator=Hinko-Najera, Nina &rft.date=2026&rft.edition=2025_r1&rft.coverage=The Wombat Forest flux tower is located in the Wombat State Forest, Victoria, South Eastern Australia&rft.coverage=northlimit=-37.37; southlimit=-37.47; westlimit=144.04; eastLimit=144.14; projection=EPSG:4326&rft_rights=Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0&rft_rights=TERN services are provided on an as-is and as available basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure. <br />Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN. <br /><br />Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting&rft_rights=Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.&rft_subject=climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere&rft_subject=environment&rft_subject=NET ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE (NEE)&rft_subject=GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION (GPP)&rft_subject=RESPIRATION RATE&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE&rft_subject=BIOSPHERE&rft_subject=ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS&rft_subject=ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS&rft_subject=VERTICAL WIND VELOCITY/SPEED&rft_subject=WATER VAPOR PROCESSES&rft_subject=CARBON FLUX&rft_subject=EVAPOTRANSPIRATION&rft_subject=ATMOSPHERE&rft_subject=ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR&rft_subject=SOILS&rft_subject=SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX&rft_subject=WATER VAPOR&rft_subject=LATENT HEAT FLUX&rft_subject=LONGWAVE RADIATION&rft_subject=WIND DIRECTION PROFILES&rft_subject=SHORTWAVE RADIATION&rft_subject=RAIN&rft_subject=PRECIPITATION&rft_subject=LIQUID PRECIPITATION&rft_subject=AIR TEMPERATURE&rft_subject=ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE&rft_subject=SURFACE TEMPERATURE&rft_subject=HUMIDITY&rft_subject=Carbon Sequestration Science&rft_subject=ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES&rft_subject=SOIL SCIENCES&rft_subject=Ecosystem Function&rft_subject=ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS&rft_subject=ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCES&rft_subject=Climatology&rft_subject=Meteorology&rft_subject=Climate change impacts and adaptation&rft_subject=net primary productivity of biomass expressed as carbon accumulated in miscellaneous living matter (Micromole per Square Metre Second)&rft_subject=Micromole per Square Metre Second&rft_subject=air temperature (Degree Celsius)&rft_subject=Degree Celsius&rft_subject=downward heat flux at ground level in soil (Watt Square Metre)&rft_subject=Watt Square Metre&rft_subject=ecosystem respiration (Micromole per Square Metre Square Second)&rft_subject=Micromole per Square Metre Square Second&rft_subject=gross primary productivity (Micromole per Square Metre Square Second)&rft_subject=lateral component of wind speed (Metre per Second)&rft_subject=Metre per Second&rft_subject=longitudinal component of wind speed (Metre per Second)&rft_subject=magnitude of surface downward stress (Kilograms per metre per square second)&rft_subject=Kilograms per metre per square second&rft_subject=mass concentration of water vapor in air (Gram per Cubic Metre)&rft_subject=Gram per Cubic Metre&rft_subject=mole fraction of carbon monoxide in dry air (Micromole per Mole)&rft_subject=Micromole per Mole&rft_subject=mole fraction of water vapor in air (Millimole per Mole)&rft_subject=Millimole per Mole&rft_subject=Monin-Obukhov length (Metre)&rft_subject=Metre&rft_subject=net ecosystem exchange (Micromole per Square Metre Second)&rft_subject=net ecosystem productivity (Micromole per Square Metre Second)&rft_subject=relative humidity (Percent)&rft_subject=Percent&rft_subject=soil temperature (Degree Celsius)&rft_subject=surface air pressure (Kilopascal)&rft_subject=Kilopascal&rft_subject=surface downwelling longwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=Watt per Square Metre&rft_subject=surface downwelling shortwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=surface friction velocity (Metre per Second)&rft_subject=surface net downward radiative flux (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=surface upward latent heat flux (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide (Micromole per Square Metre Second)&rft_subject=surface upward sensible heat flux (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=surface upwelling longwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=surface upwelling shortwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre)&rft_subject=thickness of rainfall amount (Millimetre)&rft_subject=Millimetre&rft_subject=volume fraction of condensed water in soil (Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre)&rft_subject=Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre&rft_subject=wind from direction (Degree)&rft_subject=Degree&rft_subject=wind speed (Metre per Second)&rft_subject=250 meters - < 500 meters&rft_subject=1 minute - < 1 hour&rft_subject=AU-Wom&rft_subject=FLUXNET ID&rft.type=dataset&rft.language=English Access the data

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TERN services are provided on an "as-is" and "as available" basis. Users use any TERN services at their discretion and risk. They will be solely responsible for any damage or loss whatsoever that results from such use including use of any data obtained through TERN and any analysis performed using the TERN infrastructure.
Web links to and from external, third party websites should not be construed as implying any relationships with and/or endorsement of the external site or its content by TERN.

Please advise any work or publications that use this data via the online form at https://www.tern.org.au/research-publications/#reporting

Please cite this dataset as {Author} ({PublicationYear}). {Title}. {Version, as appropriate}. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. {Identifier}.

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Brief description


This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.21) as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps. The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al (2020). This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.
The Wombat Flux research site was established in January 2010. The site is located within the Wombat State Forest, between Ballarat and Daylesford in Central Victoria, 100km west of Melbourne. It is managed by The University of Melbourne in collaboration with Monash University and the Department of Sustainability and Environment of Victoria.The site is a secondary re-growth forest that was last harvested in 1980. Dominant tree species are Eucalyptus obliqua (messmate stringybark), Eucalyptus radiata (narrow leaf peppermint) and Eucalyptus rubida (candlebark) with an average canopy height of 25m. The understorey consists mainly of patchy grasses and the soil is a silty-clay overlying clay. The forest is managed by the Department of Sustainability and Environment and management includes selective harvesting and prescribed burning regimes. The climate of the study area is classified as cool-temperate to Mediterranean zone with cold and wet winters (May-Aug) and warm and dry summers (Dec-Feb). Mean annual rainfall in the region in the last 20 years was between 600-700 mm.

Lineage

Data collected using standard eddy covariance and meteorological instrumentation on a 35m tower at the wombat State Forest site. The data were quality controlled using the PyFluxPro software package, see Isaac et al (2017), which is available at https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro. Gap filling and partitioning has been done using the ONEFlux software package, see Pastorello et al 2020, which is available at https://github.com/fluxnet/ONEFlux.

Data Creation
Data is measured using standard micro-meteorological instrumentation on a flux tower.
Data is recorded on a data logger and is collected by the site PI.
Data quality control including removal of data outside plausible ranges, removal of spikes, exclusion of particular date ranges and removal of data based on the dependence of one variable on another is done using PyFluxPro.
Filtering for low-ustar conditions, gap filling and partitioning of NEE into GPP and ER are done using ONEFlux.

Progress Code: completed
Maintenance and Update Frequency: annually

Notes

Credit
We at TERN acknowledge the Traditional Owners and Custodians throughout Australia, New Zealand and all nations. We honour their profound connections to land, water, biodiversity and culture and pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.
Purpose
The Wombat Forest research site facilitates the investigation of complex ecosystem processes of the carbon, water and nutrient cycle in a dry-sclerophyll forest ecosystem that is typical for many forests in Australia. This research will help to assess the impact of future environmental change on forest ecosystems in Australia. The Wombat Forest research site will:
  • Quantify the carbon sink/source strength of a dry sclerophyll forest and identify the contribution of such forests to the Australia's National Carbon Inventory
  • Quantify the emission and/or uptake of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide and methane of the forest
  • Assess the role of climate variability and drought on ecosystem processes
  • Assess the impact of disturbances (such as fire) on ecosystem processes
  • Provide a database of microclimate and ecological parameters for use in carbon and water modelling projects.
  • Data Quality Information

    Data Quality Assessment Scope
    local : dataset
    The data have been quality controlled using the PyFluxPro software. Quality control checks applied to the data include:<ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li>range checks for plausible limits</li> <li>spike detection and removal</li> <li>dependency on other variables</li> <li>manual rejection of date ranges</li></ul> <br> Specific checks applied to the sonic and IRGA data including rejection of points based on the sonic and IRGA diagnostic values and on either automatic gain control (AGC) or CO2 and H2O signal strength, depending upon the configuration of the IRGA.</br> <br>If the data quality is poor, the meteorological data is filled from ERA5 reanalysis data and fluxes are filled using the Marginal Distribution Sampling method. Filled data can be identified by the Quality Controls flags in the dataset. </br> <br>The ONEFlux software used to gap fill and partition this data set also applies a Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) filter to the carbon dioxide, latent heat and sensible heat before the gap filling step.</br>

    Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928
    doi : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017

    Data Quality Assessment Result
    local : Quality Result
    No anomalous data detected after quality control.

    Created: 2025-12-11

    Issued: 2026-03-25

    Modified: 2026-03-25

    Data time period: 2010-01-20 to 2025-02-02

    This dataset is part of a larger collection

    Click to explore relationships graph

    144.14,-37.37 144.14,-37.47 144.04,-37.47 144.04,-37.37 144.14,-37.37

    144.09,-37.42

    text: The Wombat Forest flux tower is located in the Wombat State Forest, Victoria, South Eastern Australia

    Subjects
    1 minute - < 1 hour | 250 meters - < 500 meters | AIR TEMPERATURE | ATMOSPHERE | Atmospheric Sciences | ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE | ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR | AU-Wom | BIOSPHERE | CARBON FLUX | Carbon Sequestration Science | Climate change impacts and adaptation | Climatology | Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre | Degree | Degree Celsius | EARTH SCIENCE | Earth Sciences | Ecological Applications | ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS | ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS | Environmental Sciences | EVAPOTRANSPIRATION | Ecosystem Function | FLUXNET ID | GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION (GPP) | Gram per Cubic Metre | HUMIDITY | Kilograms per metre per square second | Kilopascal | LATENT HEAT FLUX | LIQUID PRECIPITATION | LONGWAVE RADIATION | Meteorology | Metre | Metre per Second | Micromole per Mole | Micromole per Square Metre Second | Micromole per Square Metre Square Second | Millimetre | Millimole per Mole | Monin-Obukhov length (Metre) | NET ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE (NEE) | PRECIPITATION | Percent | RAIN | RESPIRATION RATE | SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX | SHORTWAVE RADIATION | Soil Sciences | SOILS | SURFACE TEMPERATURE | VERTICAL WIND VELOCITY/SPEED | WATER VAPOR | WATER VAPOR PROCESSES | WIND DIRECTION PROFILES | Watt Square Metre | Watt per Square Metre | air temperature (Degree Celsius) | climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere | downward heat flux at ground level in soil (Watt Square Metre) | ecosystem respiration (Micromole per Square Metre Square Second) | environment | gross primary productivity (Micromole per Square Metre Square Second) | lateral component of wind speed (Metre per Second) | longitudinal component of wind speed (Metre per Second) | magnitude of surface downward stress (Kilograms per metre per square second) | mass concentration of water vapor in air (Gram per Cubic Metre) | mole fraction of carbon monoxide in dry air (Micromole per Mole) | mole fraction of water vapor in air (Millimole per Mole) | net ecosystem exchange (Micromole per Square Metre Second) | net ecosystem productivity (Micromole per Square Metre Second) | net primary productivity of biomass expressed as carbon accumulated in miscellaneous living matter (Micromole per Square Metre Second) | relative humidity (Percent) | soil temperature (Degree Celsius) | surface air pressure (Kilopascal) | surface downwelling longwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre) | surface downwelling shortwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre) | surface friction velocity (Metre per Second) | surface net downward radiative flux (Watt per Square Metre) | surface upward latent heat flux (Watt per Square Metre) | surface upward mole flux of carbon dioxide (Micromole per Square Metre Second) | surface upward sensible heat flux (Watt per Square Metre) | surface upwelling longwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre) | surface upwelling shortwave flux in air (Watt per Square Metre) | thickness of rainfall amount (Millimetre) | volume fraction of condensed water in soil (Cubic Metre per Cubic Metre) | wind from direction (Degree) | wind speed (Metre per Second) |

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    Other Information
    Point-of-truth metadata URL

    uri : https://geonetwork.tern.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/da31aea8-b5c6-4c5f-8cbb-501b814b4738

    Isaac P., Cleverly J., McHugh I., van Gorsel E., Ewenz C. and Beringer, J. (2017). OzFlux data: network integration from collection to curation, Biogeosciences, 14: 2903-2928

    doi : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017

    PyFluxPro

    uri : https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro

    ONEFlux

    uri : https://github.com/fluxnet/ONEFlux

    Pastorello, G., Trotta, C., Canfora, E. et al. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data. Sci Data 7, 225 (2020).

    doi : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0534-3