Satellite Mapping of Bathymetry and Habitats of Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island Marine Parks

Brief description

Parks Australia - Our Marine Parks Grants Round 3 Project: Satellite Mapping of Bathymetry and Habitats of Ashmore and Cartier Island Marine Parks This project aimed to map the satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) and benthic habitats at 2m horizontal spatial resolution, for the shallow waters (~0-25 m) of the Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island Marine Parks. These critical geospatial data layers provide the essential environmental baseline information for the long-term monitoring and management of these Marine Parks. Mapping the shallow water zone is of importance both from an environmental and socioeconomic perspective. Having access to digital, georeferenced, high-resolution, satellite-derived maps of bathymetry and benthic habitats of shallow water areas, is of fundamental use in the areas of navigation, ecological research, environmental modelling, management and conservation, and monitoring the impacts from climate change.

Lineage

Maintenance and Update Frequency: notPlanned

Statement: The Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island Marine Park survey, was acquired by the Australian Government (Parks Australia) as part of Our Marine Parks Grant - Round 3, in 2022-2023 and undertaken by EOMAP Australia Pty Ltd and EOMAP GmbH & Co.KG. The data provides bathymetric and seafloor classification information based on optical satellite image data. Maxar's WorldView-3 multispectral satellite data from August and September 2022, were processed by the Modular and Inversion System (MIP) by EOMAP GmbH & Co.KG. The MIP is designed for the physically based assessment of hydro-biological parameters from multi- and hyperspectral remote sensing data. EOMAPs Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) method relies on the reflected light energy which is measured at the satellite sensor in space. In order to measure the water column thickness, the sea bottom reflection must be separated from all other simultaneously measured portions of light. Other contributors of light scattered to the sensor are atmospheric molecules and aerosols, adjacent scattering from land, the water surface reflection, and light scattered and absorbed due to particular properties of water constituents and the pure water itself. The pure water itself also absorbs light in a spectrally specific manner and therefore leaves unique signatures in the signal while the light passes through the water column and returns after reflection at the sea bottom. This property is relevant to estimate water depth from optical satellite imagery. As many properties can vary over space and time, effective correction, regularisation and retrieval algorithms must be applied to avoid unstable results. EOMAP developed and maintains these unique algorithm and its workflows for almost two decades. The maximum depth the system is able to sense is related to the complex interaction of radiance of bottom material, incident sun angle and intensity, and the type and quantity of organics or sediments in the water column. As a rule-of-thumb, satellite-derived bathymetry should be capable of sensing bottom to depths equal to one to one point five times the Secchi depth. EOMAP's Seafloor Classification (SFC) method is based on seafloor reflection at different wavelengths, which is being used to run an object-based classification procedure which groups objects of similar spectral characteristics, shape and texture into different classes of seafloor coverage. Correction modules applied to the satellite imagery: - Corrected for Satellite sensor noise: Yes - Corrected for atmospheric effects: Yes - Corrected for the effect of adjacent land reflectance: Yes - Corrected for effects of turbidity: Yes Datum: Lowest Astronomical Tide based on Admirality Total Tide Station Ashmore Reef (West Inlet), 6274 (HAT: +4.3m above CD, MSL: +2.09m above CD, SATREC: +2.2m above CD, LAT: +0.1m above CD), Data type: 32bit Geotiff and ASCII xyz text file, Units: m NoDataValue: -9999 www.eomap.com

Notes

Credit
Director of National Parks (Parks Australia), SDB©EOMAP