Migration and Differentiation of Enteric Neuron Precursors [ 2001 - 2005 ]

Research Grant

Researchers: Prof Heather Young (Principal investigator) ,  A/Pr Paul Whitington

Brief description There are many millions of nerve cells within the wall of the intestine, and they control many intestinal functions, including motility. During development, these nerve cells arise from cells which migrate away from the developing brain and first enter the stomach. The migratory cells are called neural crest cells. After entering the stomach, neural crest cells migrate within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, until they reach the far (anal) end. In embryonic mice, this colonisation of the entire small and large intestines by neural crest cells takes over 4 days, and in humans the process probably takes at least one week. It is essential that the neural crest cells colonise the entire gastrointestinal tract, since regions of intestine lacking neural crest cells (and hence nerve cells) cannot function and intestinal contents build up in front of the region lacking nerve cells. This condition is found in some babies (Hirschsprung's disease), and it can only be treated by surgically removing the region lacking nerve cells. It is therefore essential that migratory neural crest cells colonise the entire gastrointestinal tract. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the migration of neural crest cells, and whether a) particular molecules within the gut wall are important for migration, and-or b) the migratory behaviour of the neural crest cells is regulated mostly by the neural crest cells themselves. In this study we will take time-lapse images of neural crest cells migrating through the gut of embryonic mice to identify the factors that are important for the migration. After the neural crest cells have colonised the entire intestine, they develop into different types of nerve cells. We will also examine some of the factors affecting the development of different types of nerve cells.

Funding Amount $AUD 385,116.80

Funding Scheme NHMRC Project Grants

Notes Standard Project with Research Fellowship