Data

Marine mammal acoustic survey data from sonobuoy deployments on the BROKE-WEST Survey

Australian Ocean Data Network
Gedamke, J. and Robinson, S. ; GEDAMKE, JASON ; ROBINSON, SARAH
Viewed: [[ro.stat.viewed]] Cited: [[ro.stat.cited]] Accessed: [[ro.stat.accessed]]
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2FANDS&rft_id=http://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/records/BROKE-West_mm_acoustics&rft.title=Marine mammal acoustic survey data from sonobuoy deployments on the BROKE-WEST Survey&rft.identifier=http://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/records/BROKE-West_mm_acoustics&rft.publisher=Australian Antarctic Data Centre&rft.description=Data Acquisition: DIFAR (DIrectional Fixing And Ranging) 53D sonobuoys were deployed every 30 minutes of longitude during each of the north-south sampling transects as part of the acoustic survey for marine mammals. Sonobuoys were also deployed opportunistically when large numbers of whales (in particular minke whales) were sighted. Additionally, on the initial E-W transect (#12) sonobouys were deployed prior to the majority of CTD stations. The VHF receiving system for the sonobuoys aboard the ship began with a 6 element YAGI antenna mounted atop the ship's mast. The sonobuoy's VHF signal output from the YAGI was amplified through an Advanced Receiver Research VHF amplifier and received on ICOM PCR-1000 VHF receivers modified to improve low frequency audio output. The audio signal passed through a low pass anti-alias filter (National Instruments analogue bessel SCXI module) and was recorded onto a laptop through a National Instruments E-series (model 6062E) sound card at a sampling rate of 48kHz. Difar sonobuoys have an effective audio response up to 2.5kHz before the low-pass filter roll-off starts. DIFAR bearing information is carried on 7.5 and 15kHz carrier frequencies. Once sonobuoys were deployed, recordings were made for at least 70 minutes unless the sonobuoy failed or the signal was lost. During recordings at CTD stations, recordings were typically made for the length of time it took to complete the CTD (4 or more hours). Data Processing: Signals were monitored in real-time during acquisition using Ishmael software (Dave Mellinger, http://www.bioacoustics.us/ishmael.html). A scrolling spectrogram (FFT size: 16384 samples, overlap: 50%, frequency range displayed: 0-1000 Hz, time scaling: 5 sec/cm) was monitored in real-time. Sounds of interest were clipped and the time and description were logged in the sonobuoy deployment data logs. Bearings to sounds were attained with a modified version of DiFarV (Mark McDonald, http://www.whaleacoustics.com ). Note that bearings to the ship noise given by DifarV are ~180 degrees off for an as yet undetermined reason (potentially deep cold water propagation effects), but the bearings to whale sounds and other sounds of interest are thought to be correct. This appears to be the case with a series of light bulb calibration tests I did, suggesting that bearings to other sounds are in fact, correct. After acquisition, recordings were also post-processed in Ishmael with two further passes, one examining 0-2.5kHz, and another monitoring 0-1kHz again, to ensure as many marine mammal sounds as possible were identified. Clips were also re-examined when necessary to ensure species were correctly identified. In instances when apparently multiple whales were calling, calculated bearings were used to determine whether the sounds came from different bearings, and hence, different whales. Dataset Format: The dataset description is in an excel workbook, with a summary sheet at the front. The summary sheet has a single line summarising each sonobuoy deployment. The sonobuoy deployment data log sheets are separated by days when the deployment began. Each is marked by date - eg 01.10 is the 10th of January. Each deployment has an initial entry and the following rows are a running log of the sonobuoy recording session. The data sheets and the summary sheet are in the following format with column headers from left to right: Observer(real time/post-processing)Summary of the sounds that occurred within the sample (70 minutes) Total recording length (in minutes) Date UTC time of deployment Initial latitude (decimal degrees) Initial Longitude (decimal degrees) Depth setting of sonobuoy hydrophone (90, 120, or 300m) National Instruments sound card gain (0, 5, or 10 times) Ship heading (true degrees) Ship speed (knots) Distance of deployment from CTD location (if applicable) UTC time of events (applies mainly to log of events in sonobuoy deployment data log) Species or sound description (applies mainly to sonobuoy deployment data log) Comments Sonobuoy type Raw data files are stored on a series of external hard drives. This work was completed as part of ASAC projects 2655 and 2679 (ASAC_2655, ASAC_2679).Progress Code: completedStatement: Sonobuoy recordings are calibrated for sound pressure level according to the standard sonobuoy frequency response specifications, and the recording gain on the receiving instruments. Recording gain is noted in the data log. Recordings made from sonobuoys deployed prior to CTD stations usually had a fair amount of vessel noise throughout as the sonobuoy was typically deployed between 3-6 nautical miles from the stations. Sonobuoys deployed during standard survey mode had a large amount of vessel noise initially, but this decreased rapidly as the ship moved away from the sonobuoy permitting clean recordings for the vast majority of sonobuoy recordings. The exception to this was when sonobuoys were deployed when the ship was in 'ice-breaking' mode. This increased the amount of vessel noise greatly throughout most of recordings. Data_Resolution Sonobuoys were deployed approximately every 30 minutes of latitude along N-S transects separated by 5 degrees of longitude, as well as opportunistically when whales were sighted. During the initial E-W transect (#12) across the top of the survey area, sonobuoys were deployed prior to most CTD sampling stations.&rft.creator=Gedamke, J. and Robinson, S. &rft.creator=GEDAMKE, JASON &rft.creator=ROBINSON, SARAH &rft.date=2007&rft.coverage=westlimit=29.98; southlimit=-69.12; eastlimit=103.71; northlimit=-36.58&rft.coverage=westlimit=29.98; southlimit=-69.12; eastlimit=103.71; northlimit=-36.58&rft_rights=This metadata record is publicly available.&rft_rights=A summary dataset is available for download from the provided URL, but owing to the size of the main dataset, it will be made available on an FTP server on request.&rft_rights= https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode&rft_rights=This data set conforms to the CCBY Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?entry_id=BROKE-West_mm_acoustics when using these data. Please also contact the investigator when using these data. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).&rft_rights=Portable Network Graphic&rft_rights=https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/3.0/88x31.png&rft_rights=Creative Commons by Attribution logo&rft_rights=Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)&rft_rights=Legal code for Creative Commons by Attribution 4.0 International license&rft_rights=Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)&rft_rights= https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode&rft_subject=biota&rft_subject=oceans&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MAMMALS&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS > BIOMASS DYNAMICS&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN ACOUSTICS > AMBIENT NOISE&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MAMMALS > CETACEANS > BALEEN WHALES&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MAMMALS > CETACEANS > TOOTHED WHALES&rft_subject=EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > MAMMALS > CARNIVORES > SEALS/SEA LIONS/WALRUSES&rft_subject=SONOBUOY&rft_subject=ACOUSTIC SURVEY&rft_subject=WHALE&rft_subject=SEAL&rft_subject=DISTRIBUTION&rft_subject=MARINE MAMMAL&rft_subject=SONOBUOYS&rft_subject=SHIPS&rft_subject=R/V AA > R/V Aurora Australis&rft_subject=AMD/AU&rft_subject=CEOS&rft_subject=AMD&rft_subject=ACE/CRC&rft_subject=OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN&rft_subject=CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA&rft_subject=GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR&rft.type=dataset&rft.language=English Access the data

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This data set conforms to the CCBY Attribution License
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Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?entry_id=BROKE-West_mm_acoustics when using these data.

Please also contact the investigator when using these data.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

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This metadata record is publicly available.

A summary dataset is available for download from the provided URL, but owing to the size of the main dataset, it will be made available on an FTP server on request.

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Brief description

Data Acquisition: DIFAR (DIrectional Fixing And Ranging) 53D sonobuoys were deployed every 30 minutes of longitude during each of the north-south sampling transects as part of the acoustic survey for marine mammals. Sonobuoys were also deployed opportunistically when large numbers of whales (in particular minke whales) were sighted. Additionally, on the initial E-W transect (#12) sonobouys were deployed prior to the majority of CTD stations. The VHF receiving system for the sonobuoys aboard the ship began with a 6 element YAGI antenna mounted atop the ship's mast. The sonobuoy's VHF signal output from the YAGI was amplified through an Advanced Receiver Research VHF amplifier and received on ICOM PCR-1000 VHF receivers modified to improve low frequency audio output. The audio signal passed through a low pass anti-alias filter (National Instruments analogue bessel SCXI module) and was recorded onto a laptop through a National Instruments E-series (model 6062E) sound card at a sampling rate of 48kHz. Difar sonobuoys have an effective audio response up to 2.5kHz before the low-pass filter roll-off starts. DIFAR bearing information is carried on 7.5 and 15kHz carrier frequencies. Once sonobuoys were deployed, recordings were made for at least 70 minutes unless the sonobuoy failed or the signal was lost. During recordings at CTD stations, recordings were typically made for the length of time it took to complete the CTD (4 or more hours). Data Processing: Signals were monitored in real-time during acquisition using Ishmael software (Dave Mellinger, http://www.bioacoustics.us/ishmael.html). A scrolling spectrogram (FFT size: 16384 samples, overlap: 50%, frequency range displayed: 0-1000 Hz, time scaling: 5 sec/cm) was monitored in real-time. Sounds of interest were clipped and the time and description were logged in the sonobuoy deployment data logs. Bearings to sounds were attained with a modified version of DiFarV (Mark McDonald, http://www.whaleacoustics.com ). Note that bearings to the ship noise given by DifarV are ~180 degrees off for an as yet undetermined reason (potentially deep cold water propagation effects), but the bearings to whale sounds and other sounds of interest are thought to be correct. This appears to be the case with a series of light bulb calibration tests I did, suggesting that bearings to other sounds are in fact, correct. After acquisition, recordings were also post-processed in Ishmael with two further passes, one examining 0-2.5kHz, and another monitoring 0-1kHz again, to ensure as many marine mammal sounds as possible were identified. Clips were also re-examined when necessary to ensure species were correctly identified. In instances when apparently multiple whales were calling, calculated bearings were used to determine whether the sounds came from different bearings, and hence, different whales. Dataset Format: The dataset description is in an excel workbook, with a summary sheet at the front. The summary sheet has a single line summarising each sonobuoy deployment. The sonobuoy deployment data log sheets are separated by days when the deployment began. Each is marked by date - eg 01.10 is the 10th of January. Each deployment has an initial entry and the following rows are a running log of the sonobuoy recording session. The data sheets and the summary sheet are in the following format with column headers from left to right: Observer(real time/post-processing)Summary of the sounds that occurred within the sample (70 minutes) Total recording length (in minutes) Date UTC time of deployment Initial latitude (decimal degrees) Initial Longitude (decimal degrees) Depth setting of sonobuoy hydrophone (90, 120, or 300m) National Instruments sound card gain (0, 5, or 10 times) Ship heading (true degrees) Ship speed (knots) Distance of deployment from CTD location (if applicable) UTC time of events (applies mainly to log of events in sonobuoy deployment data log) Species or sound description (applies mainly to sonobuoy deployment data log) Comments Sonobuoy type Raw data files are stored on a series of external hard drives. This work was completed as part of ASAC projects 2655 and 2679 (ASAC_2655, ASAC_2679).

Lineage

Progress Code: completed
Statement: Sonobuoy recordings are calibrated for sound pressure level according to the standard sonobuoy frequency response specifications, and the recording gain on the receiving instruments. Recording gain is noted in the data log. Recordings made from sonobuoys deployed prior to CTD stations usually had a fair amount of vessel noise throughout as the sonobuoy was typically deployed between 3-6 nautical miles from the stations. Sonobuoys deployed during standard survey mode had a large amount of vessel noise initially, but this decreased rapidly as the ship moved away from the sonobuoy permitting clean recordings for the vast majority of sonobuoy recordings. The exception to this was when sonobuoys were deployed when the ship was in 'ice-breaking' mode. This increased the amount of vessel noise greatly throughout most of recordings. Data_Resolution Sonobuoys were deployed approximately every 30 minutes of latitude along N-S transects separated by 5 degrees of longitude, as well as opportunistically when whales were sighted. During the initial E-W transect (#12) across the top of the survey area, sonobuoys were deployed prior to most CTD sampling stations.

Data time period: 2006-01-04 to 2006-02-28

This dataset is part of a larger collection

Click to explore relationships graph

103.71,-36.58 103.71,-69.12 29.98,-69.12 29.98,-36.58 103.71,-36.58

66.845,-52.85

text: westlimit=29.98; southlimit=-69.12; eastlimit=103.71; northlimit=-36.58

Other Information
Download point for the data - Summary Acoustic Data (GET DATA)

uri : https://data.aad.gov.au/eds/1506/download

Request the full dataset? (GET DATA)

uri : https://data.aad.gov.au/eds/3950/download

Ishmael Software page (VIEW RELATED INFORMATION)

uri : http://www.bioacoustics.us/ishmael.html

DIFARV page (VIEW RELATED INFORMATION)

uri : http://www.whaleacoustics.com

See related metadata for this dataset (VIEW RELATED INFORMATION)

uri : https://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/ASAC_2683

Identifiers
  • global : BROKE-West_mm_acoustics