Data

Levels of organochlorine pesticides in corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef

Australian Ocean Data Network
Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS)
Viewed: [[ro.stat.viewed]] Cited: [[ro.stat.cited]] Accessed: [[ro.stat.accessed]]
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The reefs were located between 26 and 222 km from major river estuaries within sugar cane growing regions of Queensland.Specimens of two species of fish, Plectropoma maculatum (coral trout) and Scarus fasciatus (surf parrot fish), two scleractinian corals, Fungia sp. (Fungia fungites type) and Acropora sp. (Acropora acuminata type) and one bivalve mollusc, Tridacna crocea were collected from each reef. Fish were collected by spearing and corals and clams were collected on SCUBA. All specimens were wrapped in aluminium foil and frozen immediately on dry ice.Liver and dorsolateral muscle tissue from the fish, subsamples of homogenised clams and ground corals were used for analyses. Samples were extracted using 1:1 by volume hexane/acetone. Part of the extract from each sample was used for gravimetric lipid determination. The remainder was cleaned up using gel permeation chromatography prior to pesticide residue determination using gas-liquid chromatography.A selection of samples was subjected to a micro scale alkali dehydrochlorination derivatisation procedure for confirmation of lindane. This study was undertaken to determine the degree to which selected corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef had been exposed to organochlorine pesticides and to provide a baseline for future assessment of changes in organochlorine exposure levels. The rivers within sugar cane growing regions are the Endeavour River, Daintree River, Barron River, Mulgrave River, Johnstone River, Liverpool River, Tully River, Herbert River, Burdekin River, Ross River, Haughton River, Don River, Pioneer River, Proserpine River, Kolan River, Fitzroy River and Calliope River.Maintenance and Update Frequency: notPlannedStatement: Statement: Extract processing for gas-liquid chromatography:Concentrated extract was applied to a 2 x 45cm Bio Beads SX-2 gel permeation column (Bio Rad Laboratories, Richmond, California) as described in:Stalling DL, Tingle RC and Johnson JL (1972) Clean-up of pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in fish extract by gel permeation chromatography. J. Ass. off. agric. Chem 55: 32-38.The development solvent was toluene-ethyl acetate (1:3 by volume) as described in: Johnson LD, Waltz, RH, Ussary JP and Kaiser FE (1976) Automated gel permeation chromatographic clean-up of animal and plant extracts for pesticide residue determination. J. Ass. off agric. Chem. 59: 174-187.Concentrated fractions were applied to an 8% by weight water deactivated alumina column (M. Woelm Co., Eschwege, West Germany) essentially as described in: Holden AV and Marsden K (1969) Single-stage clean-up of animal tissue extracts for organochlorine residue-analysis. J. Chromatogr. 44: 481-492.Gas-liquid chromatography was performed on a Tracor 222 gas-liquid chromatograph (GLC) fitted with two columns of differing polarity, two Ni-63 electron capture detectors and a pulse mode electron capture lineariser. Each sample was chromatographed on both a 1·5% OV-17 + 1.95% OV-210 column (2mm x 1·8m) and a 3% Poly-S 179 column (2mm x 1·8m) maintained at 210° with argon + 5% methane gas flows of 60 and 50 ml/min, respectively. Lindane was further verified on a 3% OV-1 and a 4% SE-30 + 6% OV-210 column.The procedure for the micro scale alkali dehydrochlorination derivatisation is described in:Young SJV and Burke JA (1974) Micro scale alkali treatment for use in pesticide residue confirmation and sample clean-up. In: Thompson JF (ed.) Analysis of pesticide residues in human and environmental samples. Section 12 D (1) 1-7. 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While AIMS has made every reasonable effort to ensure high quality of the data, products and services, to the extent permitted by law the data, products and services are provided without any warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied, including without limitation any implied warranties of title, merchantability, and fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. AIMS make no representation or warranty that the data, products and services are accurate, complete, reliable or current. To the extent permitted by law, AIMS exclude all liability to any person arising directly or indirectly from the use of the data, products and services.&rft_rights=Attribution: Format for citation of metadata sourced from Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) in a list of reference is as follows: Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS). (2010). Levels of organochlorine pesticides in corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef. https://apps.aims.gov.au/metadata/view/93c9cf09-30b1-489b-8990-5adf4551d856, accessed[date-of-access].&rft_rights=Resource Usage:Use of the AIMS data is for not-for-profit applications only. All other users shall seek permission for use by contacting AIMS. Acknowledgements as prescribed must be clearly set out in the user's formal communications or publications.&rft_rights=Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Australia License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/au&rft_subject=oceans&rft.type=dataset&rft.language=English Access the data
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Use Limitation: All AIMS data, products and services are provided "as is" and AIMS does not warrant their fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. While AIMS has made every reasonable effort to ensure high quality of the data, products and services, to the extent permitted by law the data, products and services are provided without any warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied, including without limitation any implied warranties of title, merchantability, and fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. AIMS make no representation or warranty that the data, products and services are accurate, complete, reliable or current. To the extent permitted by law, AIMS exclude all liability to any person arising directly or indirectly from the use of the data, products and services.

Attribution: Format for citation of metadata sourced from Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) in a list of reference is as follows: "Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS). (2010). Levels of organochlorine pesticides in corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef. https://apps.aims.gov.au/metadata/view/93c9cf09-30b1-489b-8990-5adf4551d856, accessed[date-of-access]".

Resource Usage:Use of the AIMS data is for not-for-profit applications only. All other users shall seek permission for use by contacting AIMS. Acknowledgements as prescribed must be clearly set out in the user's formal communications or publications.

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Brief description

Corals, fish and molluscs were collected from twenty inner marginal shelf reefs of the Great Barrier Reef between September 1976 and June 1977. The reefs sampled were Yonge Reef, Lizard Island, Green Island, Scott Reef, Howie Reef, Ellison Reef, Otter Reef, Britomart Reef, Bramble Reef, Keeper Reef, Wheeler Reef, Davies Reef, Broadhurst Reef, Old Reef, Gould Reef, Bait Reef, Parker Reef, Bushy Island, Masthead Island and Wistari Reef. The distance between the mainland and these reefs ranged from 11 to 93 km. The reefs were located between 26 and 222 km from major river estuaries within sugar cane growing regions of Queensland.Specimens of two species of fish, Plectropoma maculatum (coral trout) and Scarus fasciatus (surf parrot fish), two scleractinian corals, Fungia sp. (Fungia fungites type) and Acropora sp. (Acropora acuminata type) and one bivalve mollusc, Tridacna crocea were collected from each reef. Fish were collected by spearing and corals and clams were collected on SCUBA. All specimens were wrapped in aluminium foil and frozen immediately on dry ice.Liver and dorsolateral muscle tissue from the fish, subsamples of homogenised clams and ground corals were used for analyses. Samples were extracted using 1:1 by volume hexane/acetone. Part of the extract from each sample was used for gravimetric lipid determination. The remainder was cleaned up using gel permeation chromatography prior to pesticide residue determination using gas-liquid chromatography.A selection of samples was subjected to a micro scale alkali dehydrochlorination derivatisation procedure for confirmation of lindane. This study was undertaken to determine the degree to which selected corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef had been exposed to organochlorine pesticides and to provide a baseline for future assessment of changes in organochlorine exposure levels. The rivers within sugar cane growing regions are the Endeavour River, Daintree River, Barron River, Mulgrave River, Johnstone River, Liverpool River, Tully River, Herbert River, Burdekin River, Ross River, Haughton River, Don River, Pioneer River, Proserpine River, Kolan River, Fitzroy River and Calliope River.

Lineage

Maintenance and Update Frequency: notPlanned
Statement: Statement: Extract processing for gas-liquid chromatography:Concentrated extract was applied to a 2 x 45cm Bio Beads SX-2 gel permeation column (Bio Rad Laboratories, Richmond, California) as described in:Stalling DL, Tingle RC and Johnson JL (1972) Clean-up of pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in fish extract by gel permeation chromatography. J. Ass. off. agric. Chem 55: 32-38.The development solvent was toluene-ethyl acetate (1:3 by volume) as described in: Johnson LD, Waltz, RH, Ussary JP and Kaiser FE (1976) Automated gel permeation chromatographic clean-up of animal and plant extracts for pesticide residue determination. J. Ass. off agric. Chem. 59: 174-187.Concentrated fractions were applied to an 8% by weight water deactivated alumina column (M. Woelm Co., Eschwege, West Germany) essentially as described in: Holden AV and Marsden K (1969) Single-stage clean-up of animal tissue extracts for organochlorine residue-analysis. J. Chromatogr. 44: 481-492.Gas-liquid chromatography was performed on a Tracor 222 gas-liquid chromatograph (GLC) fitted with two columns of differing polarity, two Ni-63 electron capture detectors and a pulse mode electron capture lineariser. Each sample was chromatographed on both a 1·5% OV-17 + 1.95% OV-210 column (2mm x 1·8m) and a 3% Poly-S 179 column (2mm x 1·8m) maintained at 210° with argon + 5% methane gas flows of 60 and 50 ml/min, respectively. Lindane was further verified on a 3% OV-1 and a 4% SE-30 + 6% OV-210 column.The procedure for the micro scale alkali dehydrochlorination derivatisation is described in:Young SJV and Burke JA (1974) Micro scale alkali treatment for use in pesticide residue confirmation and sample clean-up. In: Thompson JF (ed.) Analysis of pesticide residues in human and environmental samples. Section 12 D (1) 1-7. Pesticides and Toxic Substances Laboratory, National Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC.

Notes

Credit
Olafson Robert W, Dr (Principal Investigator)

Modified: 09 08 2024

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Other Information
Effect of agricultural activity on levels of organochlorine pesticides in hard corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef: Olafson RW (1978) Effect of agricultural activity on levels of organochlorine pesticides in hard corals, fish and molluscs from the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Environmental Research 1: 87-107.

local : articleId=1869

Identifiers
  • global : 93c9cf09-30b1-489b-8990-5adf4551d856