Data from: Implications of survey effort on estimating demographic parameters of a long-lived marine top predator

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Effective management of wildlife populations rely on knowledge of their abundance, survival and reproductive rates. Maintaining long-term studies capable of estimating demographic parameters for long-lived, slow reproducing species is challenging. Insights into effects of research intensity on the statistical power to estimate demographic parameters is limited. Here, we investigate implications of survey effort on estimating abundance, home range sizes and reproductive output of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus), using a three-year sub-sample of a long-term, capture-recapture study off Bunbury, Western Australia. Photo-identification on individual dolphins were collected following Pollock’s Robust Design, where seasons were defined as ‘primary periods’, each consisting of multiple ‘secondary periods’. The full dataset consisted of 12 primary periods and 72 secondary periods, resulting in the study area being surveyed 24 times/year. We simulated reduced survey effort by randomly removing one, two or three secondary periods per primary period. Capture-recapture models were used to assess the effect of survey intensity on the power to detect trends in population abundance, while individual dolphin sighting histories were used to assess the ability to conduct home range analyses. We used sighting records of adult females and their calving histories to assess survey effort on quantifying reproductive output. A 50% reduction in survey effort resulted in: i) up to a 36% decline in population abundance at the time of detection; ii) a reduced ability to estimate home range sizes, by increasing the time for individuals to be sighted on >30 occasions (an often-used metric for home range analyses) from 7.74 to 15.46 years; and iii) 33%, 24% and 33% of annual calving events going undocumented in their year of birth. Results clearly illustrate the importance of survey effort on the ability to assess demographic parameters with clear implications for population viability analyses, population forecasting and conservation efforts to manage human-wildlife interactions. Capture history dataThis data file contains the capture histories of 229 individuals over a 3 year period. Data was collected using photo-identification methods with survey design to fit the Robust design. Each row is an individual, while each column is a secondary period. There were six secondary periods collected per primary period. Data were collected over 12 primary periods (australasian seasons) resulting in 72 total secondary periods.dryad1.txtCalving event dataThis data contains the 100 known females and any sightings of their respective calves (if any). The dataset consisted of 12 primary periods (australasian seasons), with 4 primary periods collected for each of 3 years. Calf code is a unique identifier for each individual calf.dryad2.txt

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External Organisations
Murdoch University; University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa

Associated Persons
John Symons (Contributor); Lars Bejder (Contributor)