2021 State of the Environment Report Marine Chapter – Expert Assessment – Pressure – Minerals, oil and gas extraction and production

Researchers: Emma Flukes (Point of contact) ,  Evans, Karen (Author) ,  Evans, Karen (Author) ,  Lamont, Christine (Author) ,  Peach, Kara (Author)

Brief description The Marine chapter of the 2021 State of the Environment (SoE) report incorporates multiple expert templates developed from streams of marine data. This metadata record describes the Expert Assessment "Pressures on the marine environment - minerals, oil and gas extraction and production". ***A PDF of the full Expert Assessment, including figures and tables (where provided) is downloadable in the "On-line Resources" section of this record as "EXPERT ASSESSMENT 2021 - Minerals, oil and gas extraction and production"*** ---------------------------------------- DESCRIPTION OF PRESSURE Mineral (a naturally occurring substance or naturally occurring mixture of substances other than oil and gas), oil and gas extraction and production activities include those associated with geophysical surveys of sub bottom strata, exploratory and development drilling, blasting and dredging of materials, pipeline and facility construction, offshore oil and gas production facilities and oil rig decommissioning. Pressures associated with oil and gas extraction and production occur predominantly in offshore waters with activity concentrated in the North-west and South-east marine bioregions (Figure 1). Those associated with mineral extraction are limited to nearshore regions with activities similar to those reported in SoE 2016: shell sand mining operation in Cockburn Sound (Western Australia), iron ore mining at Cockatoo and Koolan Islands (Western Australia), sand mining in Moreton Bay (Queensland) and exploration for tin in Ringarooma Bay (Tasmania; NT EPA 2020). Some offshore oil and gas production facilities are connected to onshore processing and so cross state jurisdictions either via seabed pipelines or via subsurface wells drilled from onshore (VEAC 2019). DATA STREAM(S) USED IN EXPERT ASSESSMENT Oil and gas exploration, drilling, wells, and facilities were extracted from the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System database (https://nopims.dmp.wa.gov.au/nopims) and records held by the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA). Information on activities in state and territory waters were extracted from state and territory databases and/or provided by relevant state and territory departments (see below). See also relevant publications for key statistics and data associated with hydrocarbon production data. ---------------------------------------- 2021 SOE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY [see attached Expert Assessment for full details] • 2021 • Assessment grade: Low impact Assessment trend: Improving Confidence grade: Adequate high quality evidence or high level of consensus Confidence trend: Adequate high quality evidence or high level of consensus Comparability: Somewhat comparable • 2016 • Assessment grade: Low impact Assessment trend: Improving Confidence grade: Adequate high quality evidence and high level of consensus Confidence trend: Adequate high quality evidence and high level of consensus Comparability: Grade and trend are somewhat comparable to the 2011 assessment • 2011 • Assessment grade: Very good Assessment trend: Stable Confidence grade: Limited evidence or limited consensus Confidence trend: Limited evidence or limited consensus ---------------------------------------- CHANGES SINCE 2016 SOE ASSESSMENT Pressures associated with mining activities were reported separately in the 2016 SoE assessment.

Lineage Statement: QUALITY OF DATA USED IN THE ASSESSMENT Of those data publicly available or made available to the assessment by relevant departments, data included were high quality. Where information was not provided by relevant departments, published literature was incorporated into the assessment.

Lineage

Notes Credit
Peer reviews of this assessment were provided by: Denise McCorry (Woodside Energy Ltd) Libby Howitt (Santos Ltd)

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